Roll grinding machine



Nov. 10, 1931. I H. R. WILLIAMS 1,831,085 I ROLL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 10,-1928 5' Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Mfr/50m? w/lllams.

BY @wMM ATTORN EY Nov. 10, 1931.- H. R. WILLIAMS. ,0

' ROLL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 10. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORN EY N 1931. H. k. WILLIAIMS 1,831,085

ROLL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 10, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 H g I k q Q *& g Q S a @J g 3 v s 8/ lNyENTOR l .E a"- mrrlsonfi. m/llam @JQfi? ORNEY Nov. 10, 1931, H. R. WILLIAMS 1,331,085

ROLL GRINDING MACHINE Filed Dec. 10. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 r/qz y 22/ 2/9 IN VENTOR mrr/sonli. wlll/ama ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 10, 1931 (UNITED STA naamson R. WILLIAMS, on NEW yonx, n. Y. I

TES' PATEN OFFICE" reuse;

' ROLL GRINDING MACHINE Application filed December 10, 1928. Serial No. 324,83f}.

. This invention relates to the grinding of large rolls, such as calendar rolls, used in paper making machinery to restore such rolls to their proper shape. It will become apparout as the description proceeds that the principle of the invention is applicable tothe grinding of truly cylindrical rolls or rolls of any deslred'longitudinal surface curvature, either concave or convex, but for illustrative purposes the invention will be described in its application to the problem of grinding cambered calendar roll i a Calendar rolls are required to actupon broad webs of paper, sometimes very thin 5 paper, and in order that they may act uniformly throughout the width of a web passed between them, it is necessary that they be shaped with the utmost precision. The rolls are used in a horizontal position, and as a single roll weighs many tons and is required to span a considerable space, in some instances as much as thirty feet, there is obviously a tendency of the roll to sag in the middle, and this interferes with the accurate and uniform s3 cooperation of the rolls'with the thin paper web on which it must act. It is accordingly necessary to grind the lower roll of a couple or battery with a camber just sufficient to neutralize the sagging caused by its own :31) Weight and the weight of any rolls resting on it, so that that portion of the surface of the roll which contacts the paper will be caused to stand in a truly horizontal position.

The grinding of calendar rolls to the par- :53 ticular shapes required, with the fine degree of precision required, is attended with substantial difiiculty. 1

According to the practice of the prior art, the roll 'is ground while in a horizontal posil tion, and hence while it is influenced to sag under its own weight. Long horizontal guideways guide the grinding element in a v path to produce the desired longitudinal surface curvature. The maintenance ,of this rechange of temperature throws the lationship of roll and guide in a machine d'esigned to act upon a horizontally arranged roll is extremely difficult to realize. Any settling of the long foundation-of the guide or of the roll 'or any slight warping .due to I inding mechanism out of proper: cooperatwerelationshipwith the roll and renders thegrinding performed worse than useless. I

These difiiculties are overcome in a large measure by the present invention byvsupportring the'roll to be ground in a vertical position and supporting the grinding element or elements upon' an upright guide. The slight deviation from .a true vertical path required of the'grinding element in order to produce 55 the desired longitudlnal surface'curvature'is secured'by the provision of suitable mechani'sm, preferably controlled by the grinder feeding means, to'move the grinder and the roll axis relatively, to cause them to approach and. recede from one another to just the ex tent required; i Thegrinding of the roll,while in h a verticalposition, is avery important feature The roll has no tendency to sag-when in this position, but'on the contrary, may be wholly symmetrical with'relation tothe axes of itsrotary supports. The grinder guide is also free from stresses tending to distort it. Norecourse is had to an elongated guiding means for protion, cut away intermediate its ends for compactness of illustration, of a roll grinding machine embodying features of the present invention, and showing a calendar roll vertically supported therein for grinding;

Figure 2 is a side elevation similar to Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a detail, sectional, plan View on a larger scale than Figure 1 or 2, showing the mechanism for feeding the grinder carriage and for nioving it horizontally;

Figure 4 illustrates a modified form of the invention in which the grinder guide is swung slightly about a horizontal axis to, produce the desired curvature;

Figure 5 is a horizontal, sectional View,

partly broken away, on a larger scale than Figure 4, showing how the grinder is mounted on its carriage in Figure 4 to provide for adj ustment of the grinder toward and from the rollaxis; T t a Figure 6 is a detail elevationbf'a frame or yoke employed in Figure 5'; and

Figure 7 illustrates a further modified form of mechanism in which the grinder guide is stationary and the roll support is rocked slightly to produce the desired longitudinal curvature.

In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, inclusive, the roll 1 to be. ground with a camber is chucked in a vertical position, being supported at its lower end upon a spindle 2 supported by ball bearing 3 on a frame 4 carried by a base or foundation structure 5. The spindle 2' is driven from a worm Gaby a wor gear 6 fast thereon, and imparts continuous rotary motion to the roll 1. The roll is fixed in a true vertical position with provision for rotation by a bearing 7 at the upper end thereof'which is adjustably mounted in a rigid arm 8. Throughout the grinding operation, the roll 1 is continuously rotated.

The grinder desirably consists of several grinding discs, for example, discs 9, 10 and 11. The grinder is carried bya shaft or sleeve 12 which is rotatably mounted on a grinder carriage 13 and is driven through a belt'14 from a motor 15. carried by the grinder carriage 13. The grinder carriage has threaded engagement with a screw 16 which is mounted vertically in parallelism with the axis of the roll supporting spindles 2 and 7. The screw 16 is rotatably supported atv its upper end in a bearing 17 and at its lower end in a hearing 18 of a fixed frame 19. The screw 16 is provided at its lower end with a worm gear 20 which is driven by a worm 21 to rotate the screw for feeding thegrinder carriage. The grinder carriage embraces a vertical guide 22 having arms 23 and 24 at its upper and lower ends, respectively, which have bearing upon the unthreaded ends of the screw 16. If the guide 22 were held fixed in one position, the mechanism as thus far described wouldv be efcessive grindings.

fective to feed the grinder carriage, and hence the grinder in a true vertical path.

For the purpose of moving the grinder horizontally to a slight extent to impart the desired camber to the roll being ground, provision is made for rocking the guide in a counter-clockwise direction as the grinder moves from either end to the middle of the roll, and a clockwise direction as the grinder moves from the middle of the roll to either end thereof.

To this end the guide is supported by a ball bearing 25 so that it may rock about the axis of the screw 16. The grinder carriageis made fast to a chain 26 which runs upon sprockets 27 and 28 j ournalled on fixed bearings adjacent the upper and lower ends of the guide22. The travel of the carriage causes this chain to drive the pinion 28 and,

through a pinion 28c fast thereto, to drive a chain 29 for imparting rotation to a gear 30 jonrnalled in a stationary hearing.

The gear 30 in turn has fast to it a worm 31 whlch drives a worm wheel 32 fast on avertical shaft (not shown) which is .jour

milled in avbearing 33 on the fixed frame 19. The shaft 33 carries a track cam 34. I

The guide 22 is provided with ears 35 to which a link 36 is pivotally connected by means of a pin 37. The link 36 has an up- L right post 38- pivotally mounted thereon. This post is bifurcated at its'upper ends and receives between the arms 39 thereof a knurled'nut 40. A tail portion 41 of the guide 22 has pivotally connected thereon a threaded link 42 which passes. through the arms 39 of the post 38 and is threaded through the knurlednut 40. The link 42 and nut 40 constitute means for adjusting and maintaining thelink 36 in any desired angular relation to the guide 22.

The link 36 carries at its right hand end,

asseen in Figures 1 and 3, a cam follower pin 43 which runs in thetrack of the cam 34.

-' The cam track is shaped to swing the -grinder toward and from. the axis of the roll 1, and since the travel of the cam is con trolled by the travel of the grlnder carriage,

the grinder will. always traverse precisely q the same path in traveling from one end of the roll to the other. The track of the cam is so formed that preciselythe desired calmber of the rollis secured by the deviation from atrue vertical path produced by this swinging of the grinder carriage guide.

4 The purpose of the threaded link 42 and the knurled nut 40 is two-fold. As the calenda-r'rollwears in usefits dianieter'is reduced, and it becomes necessary to set the grinder closer to the'axis of the roll at suc- A micrometrie adjustment for this purpose is secured by the provision of the threaded link 42 and the nut 4O,'the adjustment being effective .to change substantially nearer to the axis of the roll'l so that it may be employed also for grinding the bearings 44 and 45 at the ends of the roll 1. When this portion of the grinding operation is in progress, it is not desirable torotate the cam 34. Provision'is accord ingly made for disconnecting the grinder carriage from the chain 26 at this time. The connection between the carriage and the chain is therefore made detachable, and consists, as illustrated, of a bolt 46 carried by the chain, an arm or link 47 pivotally carried by the carriage and adapted to receive the threaded portion of the bolt, and a nut 48 adapted to be threaded on the bolt forsecuring the bolt to the arm 47 Since the link 36 is incapable of rotating the cam 34, the cam remains stationary during the grindingof the bearings, and prevents swinging of the guide 22. The chain 26 also remains stationary,'and since itcan only bereconnectedto the grinder carriage when the arm 47 comes into registry with the bolt 46, there is no danger of losing the precise adjustmentof the mechanism by the temporary disconnection described.

The arm 47 is pivoted on the carriage in order to accommodate more readily the relative movement between the guide and the chain occasioned by the automatic swinging of the guide. f i

In the form ofthe invention disclosed in Figures 4, 5 and 6 the mounting and driving of the roll is the sameas in Figures 1 to 3. The same reference numerals have accord ingly been applied to these parts.

The grinder carriage 101 however, runs upon a guide 102 which is not rockable about a. vertical axis like theuguide of Figures 1 to 3, but is supported on a horizontal shaft 103 carried by a fixed bracket 1,04 situated about midway of the length of the guide. The guide 102 is rockable to a slight extent about the axis of the shaft 103 to carry the grinder toward and from the axis of the roll 1 as it travels longitudinally of the roll. In this instance a screw 105, which passes through the grinder, carriage 101 and has threaded engagement therewith, is mounted in bearings 106 and 107 on forwardly reaching arms 108 I and 109 of the guide 102. The screw is driven froma shaft 110 through a train comprising a shaft 111 splined to the shaft 110, but capable of a little longitudinal movement relative thereto. The shaft 111 drives a worm 112, and this worm in turn drives a worm gear 113 fast to the screw 105. The guide 102 carries a pin 114 at its upper end, which runs in a fixed channel guide, 115 extending at right angles to the axis of theshaft 103 and in the plane'of the axis of the roll 1. The guide 102 carriesia roller 11 6 at thelowerend therof which runs on a fixed guide 117 that extends parallel to the channel of guide 115. The

grinder carriage 101 is made fast to a chain 118 by means ofa bolt 119 and nut 120 that secure the chain to an arm 121pivotally mounted on the grinder carriage 101. The chain runs upon sprockets 122 and 123 rotatably carried by the guide 102at the upper andlower ends thereof. The sprocket 123 is fast to a sprocket 124 evliich, through a chain 125,, drives a sprocket 126. The sprocket 126 is fast to the shaft of a worm 127, which worm drives a worm wheel 128, andthrough the worm wheel a track cam 129 carried by a vertical shaft v130 on a fixed support 131'. A rearwardlyextending arm 132- of the guide 102 carries acam follower 133 which travels in the track of the cam 129 a a The described trainis made effective byfthe travel ofthe carriage. to impart rotation to the cam 129 and through the cam to rock the grinder carriage guide 102 about the axis of shaft 103. The track of cam 129 is so shaped that the'grinder is caused to recede from the axis of roll 1 as it moves longitudinally of the rol-l'from either end toward theinid'dle of therolhand to approach the axis of the roll as it moves from the middle of the roll toward either end thereof. The design ofthe cam track is such that the precise longitudinal curvature desired is imparted to the surface of the roll. I T

' In this form of the invention, since the grinder guide does not rock about a vertical 1 axis and doesnot', therefore, admit ofadjustment ofthe guide to vary the basic or datum spacial relationbetween the grinder and the roll axis, provision is made for mounting the grinder 134 in a yoke or frame 135 for swingjing movement about the axis" of a vertical shaft 136 mounted on the grinder carriage. This yokecomprises upper and lower arms 13? and 138 connected by a'webfortie piece 139. The arms 137 and 138 are provided with aligned bearin gs at their opposite ends for re-' ceiving the grinder shaft 140 and the supporting shaft 136. A projecting arm 141 on the web 139 has pivotally connected thereto a threaded link 142 which extends through ears 143 on an extension 144 of the carriage 101. A knurled nut 145 is positioned between the ears 143 and is threaded onto the threaded link 142. Rotation ofthe knurled nut 145 is effective, therefore, to swing the frame 135 about 'the axis of .the'shaft 136 and to change the normal distance between the grinder134 and the axis of the roll 1. r 1 This adjustmentmay also be, utilized for enabling the hearings to be ground. During the grinding of the bearings, the carriage 101 'may be rendered ineffective to rock the guide 102 by dis'co'nnectingthe bolt 119 from the arrn121a; (V i r 3 I The grinding motor 146 is fixed on the car'- riage 101, and since the grinder'is adjustable 147 on the motor shaft 148, a belt 149, a pulley 150 on the shaft 136, a second pulley 151 on the shaft 136 and a belt 152 running on the latter pulley and on a pulley 153 fast to the grinder shaft 14. Sincethe pulleys 150 and 151 are concentric with the axis about which the grinder frame 135 is adjusted, the tension of the belts 149 and 1.52 is not affected by the adjustment;

In the form of the invent-ion disclosed in Figure 7, the grinder, the grinder carriage, and the grinder driving means are of the same construction as in Figures 4 to 6, and corresponding reference numerals have accordingly been applied. Inthis form of the invent-ion, however, the grinder travels along a fixed vertical guide 201 in a straight line, and the roll support is tilted slightly to produce the desired longitudinal curvature of the surfaceof the roll 1. A worm 202'drives a screw203 through a worm wheel204 to feed the grinder carriage 101 in the, manner already described. The screw 203 in this case is journaled in stationary bearings 205 and 206. 'The bearing 205 and the guide 201 are mounted upon a fixed support 207. As in the form of the invention illustrated in Figures 4 t0 6, the grinder carriage is harnessed to a chain 208 which runs uponsprockets 209 and 210 mounted on the lower and upper ends of the guide 201. The-sprocket 210 has fast thereto a small sprocket "211 which, through a chain 212, drives a sprocket 213 fast on a worm shaft 214 that is journaled in a fixed bracket 215. The shaft 214 carries a worm 216 which drives a worm wheel 217 fast on a vertical shaft 218. The shaft 218 has fast thereon a track cam 219 in which runs a cam follower 220 fixed on the roll support 221. The roll support 221 is provided with an arcu'ate bearing 222 at the lower end thereof which rests in a complementarybearing 223 carried by a fixed support 224. The bearings 222 and 223 extend at right angles to the guide 201, and hence t0 the path of movement of the grinder. so that the rotation of the earn 219 is effective torock the roil support directly toward and from the grinder. F or the purpose of further assuring movement of the roll support 221 in exactly the right direction, provision is made of a fixed guide yoke 225 which embraces a portion of the support 221 ,near the upper end thereof, and constrains it to move in the desired direction only.

The roll is mounted between an upper adjustable bearing 226 carried by an arm 227 of the support 221 and a spindle 228 carried by a lower'angle portion 229=ofthe-support 221. The spindle 228 is fast to a' shaft.230 which carries a Wormwheel 231 arrangedto be driven by a worm 232.

The track of cam 219 is so designed that the roll axis is caused to recede from the grinder as the grinder travels from either extremity of the roll toward the middle thereof and, to approach the grinder as the grinder recedes from the middle of theroll toward eitherex tremity thereof. The design of thecam is such that the desired longitudinal curvature of the roll surface is secured with precision.

Although I have herein shown and described only certain specific forms of em bodiment of the invention, it will be under;- stood that the same is not limited thereto, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein within the scope of the accompanying claims, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Iclaim:- 1. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means forsupp'orting and rotating a roll in a substantially upright position, a grinder, means guiding the grinder for substantially vertical movement. and means for causing the roll; axis and the grinder to relatively approach-and recede from one another to impart a predetermined lengthwise curvature to the surface of the roll. f

2. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls. in combination, means for support ing and rotating a roll in substantially upright position, a. grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, and means controlled by the travel of the grinder to cause the grinder and the roll axis to relatively approach andrece'de from one another to impart apredetermined lengthwise curvature to the surface of the roll.

3.: In a machine for operating on'the surface of. a long heavy roll having a longitudinal surface curvature, incombination, means for supporting and rotating a'roll in a substantially upright position, an, operating element, a guide therefor extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the operating element along the guide, and means for causing the roll axis and the operating element to relatively approach'andrecede from one another to describea relative path of the desired curvature.

4. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll in substantially upright position, a grinder, means for feeding the grinder longitudinally of the roll, and means for causing the grinder and the rolla-xis to relatively approach and recede from one another to describe a relative pathof the necessary curvature to impart a predetermined longitudinal curvature to the surface of the roll.

5. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting. and rotating a roll in a substantially upright axis of the roll to impart a desired length;

wise curvature to the surface of the roll.

7. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll in a substantially upright position, a grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, and means for imparting a relatively minute rocking movement to the grinder to move it toward and from the roll axis to impart a slight longitudinal curvature to the roll surface.

8. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting position, a grinder, a grinder guide extend. ing longitudinally of the roll, means for feed and rotating a roll in a substantially upright position, a grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, and means operated by the grinder feeding means for rocking the guide to carry the grinder toward and from the roll axis.

9. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll in a sul'istantially upright position, a grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, and means operated by the grinder feeding means for rocking the guide about a vertical axis to swing the grinder horizontally toward and from the axis of the roll.

10. In a machine for grinding long heavy roll, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll in a substantially upright position, a grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, and means operated by the grinder feeding means for rocking the grinder toward and from the roll axis, comprising a earn, a driving train therefor harnessed to the grinder carriage, and a cam follower ana'ularly fixed with reference to the grinder.

11. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll in a substantially upright ing the grinder along the guide, means operated by the grinder feedlng means for causing the grinder and the roll-axis to relatively approach and recede from one another to impart a desired longitudinal curvature to the roll surface, and manually operable means for adjustin'g the normal spacial relation of the grinderand the roll axis.

12. In a machinefor grindinglong heavy,

rolls, in combination, means forsupporting androtating aroll in a substantially upright position, a grinder, a grinder. guide extending longitudinally of the roll, meansi for feeding the grinder along the gu de, means operated by the grinder feeding means .for automatieally causing the grinder and the rollaxis torelatively, approach-and recedefrom one another to impart a: desired. longitudinal curvature to the roll surface, ad ustlng means for changing the d stance betweenthe grinder Y and the roll axis to enable the roll bearings to be ground, and means manipulatable to renderthe automatic means referred-to ineffective while the bearings are being ground,

13. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in ,combinatiomineans for supporting and rotating a roll in a substantially upright position, a grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder alongthe guide, means forrocking thefguide, to, cause the grinder to approach and :I'GCGdQ fIOIl'I, the roll axis, and means for adjusting the grinder horizontally with referenceto the guide. p v

H 14. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll in substantially upright position, a grinder, a frame on which the the grinder frame and carriage-to vary the distance of the grinderfrom the axis of the roll. I I.

15. In a; machine forggrinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means; for supporting and rotating a roll, a grinder, agrinder carr iage, a grinder. guide extending longitudinal: ly'of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, and means operated by the grinder feeding means for rocking the grinder. toward and from the roll axis, comprising a cam, a driving train therefor harnessed to the grinder carriage, and a cam follower angularly ,fixed with reference to the grinder.

16. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll, a grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, means operated bythe grinder feeding means for automatically causing the grinder and the roll axis to relatively approach and recede from one another in phase with the travel of the grinder along the roll to impart a desired longitudinal curvature to the roll surface, adjusting means for changing the distance between the grinder and the roll axis to enable the roll bearings to be ground, and means manipulatable' to render the automatic means referred to ineffectiv'ezwhile the bearings are being ground,

17. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, means for supporting and rotating a roll, a grinder, a grinder guide extending longitudinally of the roll, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, means for rocking the guide inphase with the travel of the grinder to cause the grinder to appreach and recede from the roll axis to impart a predetermined longitudinal. curvature to the roll surface, and means for adjusting the grinder horizontally with reference to the guide.

'18. In a machine for grinding long heavy rolls, in combination, meansfor supporting and rotating a roll in an upright position, a grinder, a substantially vertical guide for the grinder, means for feeding the grinder along the guide, and means for rocking the guide slightly about a. horizontal .axis to cause the grinder and the roll axis to approach and recede from one another as the grinder travels along the roll to impart a predeterminded longitudinal curvature to the roll surface. 19. A method of cambering long heavy rolls, comprising the steps. of supporting the roll in a substantially upright position, r05 tating said roll about its longitudinal axis, and machining the roll to impart a lengthwise curvature to the face of the roll. I

20. A method of grinding long heavy rolls comprising the steps of supporting the roll in a substantially upright position, rotating; 7

said roll about its longitudinal axis, rotating a grinding wheel and moving the same in a substantially vertical path, and varying the distance between said grinder and said roll axis during the grinding operation to impart lengthwise curvature'to the surface of the roll.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature to this specification. A

HARRISON 1R. WILLIAMS. 

